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An Appraisal for the Need to Start Independent Research Institutes and Study Programs in Metabolic Engineering

Received: 6 August 2021    Accepted: 17 August 2021    Published: 24 August 2021
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Abstract

Metabolic engineering deals with manipulation of metabolic pathways for overproduction of desired metabolites & macromolecules and reduction/deletion of unwanted metabolites & macromolecules. A large number of tools, techniques strategies & methodologies are used in the metabolic engineering of microbial, plant & mammalian/animal systems. Impressive advances have taken place in overproducing different categories of products Viz; biofuels, pharmaceuticals, neutraceuticals, cosmetics and many products relevant to different industries. In view of immense potential to bring about a next industrial biotechnology revolution, the need to establish specific goal oriented international research institutes on metabolic engineering has been emphasized apart from national institutes and study programs. Effort in this direction is environment friendly as well. At the outset readers are cautioned that manuscript is not a formal review or a discussion on the subject of “Metabolic Engineering” with respect to any specific topic or a living system but the purpose is to emphasize the need as mentioned above. Contents are adequate to think of this endeavor. Manuscript is a massive exercise after extensive scanning through the issues from the Journal “Metabolic Engineering”) Elsevier, since its inception –1999 January (Volume 1) till January 2021 (Volume 63) (22 years). In all they constitute 63 volumes, 122 issues and 15,700 plus pages. Total number of articles (papers) in the above is approximately 1600. Nearly 70% of these are with respect to “Microbial Systems”. Next in importance comes the papers which have major focus on general tools, techniques, methodologies, strategies etc. Manuscript mentions and gives a glimpse of different approaches used to achieve the desired goals referring to a list of predominant host microbes, plants and mammalian/animal systems investigated. Readers are advised to initially go through the special issues of the journal.

Published in Advances in Biochemistry (Volume 9, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.ab.20210903.15
Page(s) 60-73
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Industrial Biotechnology Revolution, Establishing Research Institutes, Microbes, Plants, Mammals, Metabolic Flux Analysis, Pharmaceuticals, Biofuels, Neutraceuticals

References
[1] https://www.journals.elsevier.com/metabolic-engineering
[2] Bailey, J. E. (1991). Toward a science of metabolic engineering. Science, 252 (5013), 1668-1675. doi: 10.1126/science.2047876.
[3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolic_engineering
[4] Hal Alper (Ed) (2021) Tools and Strategies of Metabolic Engineering Volume 63, 1-160. 9 articles.
[5] Hal Alper (Ed) (2018) Metabolic Engineering Host Organism. 50, 1-208. 12 articles.
[6] Ka-Yiu San (Ed) (2008) Engineering Metabolic Pathways for Biofuels Production 10, 293-404. 11 articles.
[7] Hal Alper (Ed) (2020). Metabolic Engineering Products. 58, 1-132. 6 articles.
[8] Blaine Pfeifer and Robert Kiss (Ed) (2010) Metabolic Flux Analysis for Pharmaceutical Production. 12, 81-172 9 articles.
[9] Bongaerts, J., Krämer, M., Müller, U., Raeven, L. and Wubbolts, M. (2001). Metabolic Engineering for Microbial Production of Aromatic Amino Acids and Derived Compounds. Metabolic Engineering, 3, 289–300. doi: 10.1006/mben.2001.0196.
[10] Thykaer, J. and Nielsen, J. (2003). Metabolic engineering of β-lactam production. Metabolic Engineering, 5 (1), 56–69. doi: 10.1016/s1096-7176(03)00003-x.
[11] Handke, P., Lynch, S. A. and Gill, R. T. (2011). Application and engineering of fatty acid biosynthesis in Escherichia coli for advanced fuels and chemicals. Metabolic Engineering, 13 (1), 28–37. doi: 10.1016/j.ymben.2010.10.007.
[12] Trantas, E., Panopoulos, N. and Ververidis, F. (2009). Metabolic engineering of the complete pathway leading to heterologous biosynthesis of various flavonoids and stilbenoids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Metabolic Engineering, 11 (6), 355-366 doi: 10.1016/j.ymben.2009.07.004.
[13] Zhang, X., Tervo, C. J. and Reed, J. L. (2016). Metabolic assessment of E. coli as a Biofactory for commercial products. Metabolic Engineering, 35, 64–74. doi: 10.1016/j.ymben.2016.01.007.
[14] San, K.-Y., Bennett, G. N., Berrı́os-Rivera, S. J., Vadali, R. V., Yang, Y.-T., Horton, E., and Blackwood, K. (2002). Metabolic Engineering through Cofactor Manipulation and Its Effects on Metabolic Flux Redistribution in Escherichia coli. Metabolic Engineering, 4 (2), 182–192. doi: 10.1006/mben.2001.0220.
[15] Plant Metabolic Engineering --Metabolic Engineering (2002) 4, 1-106.12 articles (Editor not mentioned).
[16] Sandmann, G., Römer, S. and Fraser, P. D. (2006). Understanding carotenoid metabolism a necessity for genetic engineering of crop plants. Metabolic Engineering, 8 (4), 291–302. doi: 10.1016/j.ymben.2006.01.005.
[17] Christian Metallo and Ralph Deberardinis (Ed) (2017). Engineering approaches to study cancer metabolism. 43: Part B, (Special Issue) 93-226), 12 articles.
[18] Wang, F., Raab, R. M., Washabaugh, M. W. and Buckland, B. C. (2000). Gene Therapy and Metabolic Engineering. Metabolic Engineering. 2 (2), 126-139 doi: 10.1006/mben.1999.0144 139.
[19] Joaquim Vives, Sandra Juanola, Jordi Joan Cairó, Francesc Gòdia, (2003). Metabolic engineering of apoptosis in cultured animal cells: implications for the biotechnology industry. 5 (2), 124-132. doi: 10.1016/s1096-7176(03)00024-7.
[20] Zhang, P., Lifen Tan, D., Heng, D., Wang, T., Mariati, Yang, Y., & Song, Z. (2010). A functional analysis of N-glycosylation-related genes on sialylation of recombinant erythropoietin in six commonly used mammalian cell lines. Metabolic Engineering, 12 (6), 526–536. doi: 10.1016/j.ymben.2010.08.004.
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    Adhikarla Suryanarayana Rao. (2021). An Appraisal for the Need to Start Independent Research Institutes and Study Programs in Metabolic Engineering. Advances in Biochemistry, 9(3), 60-73. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20210903.15

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    ACS Style

    Adhikarla Suryanarayana Rao. An Appraisal for the Need to Start Independent Research Institutes and Study Programs in Metabolic Engineering. Adv. Biochem. 2021, 9(3), 60-73. doi: 10.11648/j.ab.20210903.15

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    AMA Style

    Adhikarla Suryanarayana Rao. An Appraisal for the Need to Start Independent Research Institutes and Study Programs in Metabolic Engineering. Adv Biochem. 2021;9(3):60-73. doi: 10.11648/j.ab.20210903.15

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ab.20210903.15,
      author = {Adhikarla Suryanarayana Rao},
      title = {An Appraisal for the Need to Start Independent Research Institutes and Study Programs in Metabolic Engineering},
      journal = {Advances in Biochemistry},
      volume = {9},
      number = {3},
      pages = {60-73},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ab.20210903.15},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20210903.15},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ab.20210903.15},
      abstract = {Metabolic engineering deals with manipulation of metabolic pathways for overproduction of desired metabolites & macromolecules and reduction/deletion of unwanted metabolites & macromolecules. A large number of tools, techniques strategies & methodologies are used in the metabolic engineering of microbial, plant & mammalian/animal systems. Impressive advances have taken place in overproducing different categories of products Viz; biofuels, pharmaceuticals, neutraceuticals, cosmetics and many products relevant to different industries. In view of immense potential to bring about a next industrial biotechnology revolution, the need to establish specific goal oriented international research institutes on metabolic engineering has been emphasized apart from national institutes and study programs. Effort in this direction is environment friendly as well. At the outset readers are cautioned that manuscript is not a formal review or a discussion on the subject of “Metabolic Engineering” with respect to any specific topic or a living system but the purpose is to emphasize the need as mentioned above. Contents are adequate to think of this endeavor. Manuscript is a massive exercise after extensive scanning through the issues from the Journal “Metabolic Engineering”) Elsevier, since its inception –1999 January (Volume 1) till January 2021 (Volume 63) (22 years). In all they constitute 63 volumes, 122 issues and 15,700 plus pages. Total number of articles (papers) in the above is approximately 1600. Nearly 70% of these are with respect to “Microbial Systems”. Next in importance comes the papers which have major focus on general tools, techniques, methodologies, strategies etc. Manuscript mentions and gives a glimpse of different approaches used to achieve the desired goals referring to a list of predominant host microbes, plants and mammalian/animal systems investigated. Readers are advised to initially go through the special issues of the journal.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

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    AU  - Adhikarla Suryanarayana Rao
    Y1  - 2021/08/24
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    AB  - Metabolic engineering deals with manipulation of metabolic pathways for overproduction of desired metabolites & macromolecules and reduction/deletion of unwanted metabolites & macromolecules. A large number of tools, techniques strategies & methodologies are used in the metabolic engineering of microbial, plant & mammalian/animal systems. Impressive advances have taken place in overproducing different categories of products Viz; biofuels, pharmaceuticals, neutraceuticals, cosmetics and many products relevant to different industries. In view of immense potential to bring about a next industrial biotechnology revolution, the need to establish specific goal oriented international research institutes on metabolic engineering has been emphasized apart from national institutes and study programs. Effort in this direction is environment friendly as well. At the outset readers are cautioned that manuscript is not a formal review or a discussion on the subject of “Metabolic Engineering” with respect to any specific topic or a living system but the purpose is to emphasize the need as mentioned above. Contents are adequate to think of this endeavor. Manuscript is a massive exercise after extensive scanning through the issues from the Journal “Metabolic Engineering”) Elsevier, since its inception –1999 January (Volume 1) till January 2021 (Volume 63) (22 years). In all they constitute 63 volumes, 122 issues and 15,700 plus pages. Total number of articles (papers) in the above is approximately 1600. Nearly 70% of these are with respect to “Microbial Systems”. Next in importance comes the papers which have major focus on general tools, techniques, methodologies, strategies etc. Manuscript mentions and gives a glimpse of different approaches used to achieve the desired goals referring to a list of predominant host microbes, plants and mammalian/animal systems investigated. Readers are advised to initially go through the special issues of the journal.
    VL  - 9
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Author Information
  • Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India

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